EFFECT OF SOWING DATES ON Orobanche crenata INFECTION AND YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS OF SOME FABA BEAN GENOTYPES

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Food Legumes Research Section, Field Crops Research Inst., Agric. Research Centre, Egypt.

Abstract

The present investigation was performed at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Agriculture Research Center, Egypt, during two growing seasons 2019/2020 and 2020/2021 under Orobanche naturally infested soil. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the yielding of 13 faba bean (Vicia faba L.) genotypes under two sowing dates (October 15th and November 15th). Sowing on Oct.15th produced taller plants than sowing on Nov.15th in both seasons. The highest seed weight per plant was produced in the first sowing date (52.39 and 49.22g), compared to the second sowing date (31.04 and 26.50g), respectively in 1st and 2nd seasons. The decrease in the number of pods/plant may be due to the competitiveness of the faba bean plant and Orobanche crenata and the struggle for available nutrients and others in the surrounding media, which leads to a decrease in the flower growth during the flowering period. Initialization period that reduces the number of pods /plant. The results showed that Line 3 produced the highest seed yield (9.37and 8.03 ardab/fed) in 1st and 2nd seasons, compared with the other genotypes. Generally, the phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all characters. The variation exhibited by the 13 faba bean genotypes in agronomic characters indicated that selection for several of these characters might be effective. Estimates of heritability (h2bs) for number of branches/plant and number of seeds/pod were higher in first than second sowing dates. These findings suggest that genetic effects constitute a major portion of the total phenotypic variation for these characters under the first sowing date.

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