THE ROLE OF INCREASING SOIL ENDOMYCORRHIZA ON THE GROWTH AND PRODUCTIVITY OF WHEAT

Authors

1 Dept. Botany, Fac. Sci., Suez Canal University, Arish, Egypt.

2 Dept. Botany, Fac. Sci., Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.

Abstract

In Egypt, wheat as a cereal crop might display the top among all strategic crops through its annual production and it is always behind the need and gap the between production and consumption remain great. The main target of the present investigation has been to study the effect of soil endomycorrhiza as biofertilizer and its impact on wheat as a major cereal crop in Egypt. Soil endomycorrhizal populations have been increased by growing four trap-crops namely onion, wheat, faba-bean and corn for a period of four months where spore count reached a maximum of 566/100 gm soil and root-colonization scored 97% in onion. For experimentation, the recommended cultivar Sakha-93 of Triticum aestivum L. was obtained and field experiments were conducted within the University Agriculture Farm at Al-Arish where the soil is typically sandy loam with little silt and clay. Two experiments were carried out simultaneously as follows: natural soil as control and mycorrhized soil (i.e soil with increased endomycorrhiza). From each treatment, three plant samples were collected during the vegetative and reproductive phases and finally at the grain stage for comparing growth, productivity and yield-quality. The results indicated that fresh and dry weight of plant parts increased greatly by soil endomycorrhiza compared to control soil. Also, soil mycorrhization increased greatly NPK and total carbohydrates. Growth and yield of wheat were greatly significantly increased by soil mycorrhization compared to control soil.

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