COST FUNCTIONS OF OLIVE CROP IN NORTH SINAI GOVERNORATE

The agricultural sector, is one of the most important economic sectors and influential in the national economy of Egypt for its contribution to the achievement of food security and national security, reached its contribution by about 15% of GDP, it also contributes to about 20% of total Egyptian exports and contribute to agricultural production by about L.E 250 billion in current prices in 2012, the equivalent of 15.9% of the total GDP at current prices of about L.E 1574.4 billion in the same year. Also, the output value of vegetation about L.E 148.5 billion, representing about 59.4% of the total agricultural production. The North Sinai governorate is one of the agricultural provinces, the most promising area of horticultural crop species, reached the area of horticultural crop about 118 thousand fad. in (2010-2014). This represents the peach crops, olives, ranked first and second in the list of the crop structure of horticultural crops, about 41.9%, 34.3% respectively of the horticultural area during this period. The economic importance of olive in value-added agricultural production and its contribution to the gross national product and the proceeds of producers, and its contribution to the provision of productive inputs especially food industries sector. Despite the importance of the olive crop in North Sinai Governorate, but this crop is low efficiency and productivity in the light of the rise of the reconstruction of the olive trees and the existence of local items characterized by low productivity, as well as the decline in the relative importance of olive crop of the total acreage of the county despite the appropriate environment of Sinai to expand cultivation and increased productivity as well as for the suffering of the marketing system of  marketing problems and constraints during the marketing track to farmers and then the farmers to exploit the traders and the high costs of marketing the decline in the share of the product of consumer price. It has adopted the study to undergo economic analysis descriptive analysis and quantitative economic variables study the measurement either through economic profile variables inputs and outputs of the productive process, prices, cost items, margins, in addition to profile the performance of those production units. It also used the study many methods of statistical analysis and tools such as arithmetic averages, engineering, transactions simple link micro, testing of moral differences between all productive variables (variance analysis). This is in addition to estimate the equations of the direction of the timetable, the use of the regression equations, simple and multilateral cooperation in various forms, besides using efficiency methods, productivity and economic governance on the efficiency of the performance of those farms in addition to the use of the technique of sham variables to measure the impact of these changes on the productivity of this crop. The world situation olive crop with reference to the situation in Egypt and North Sinai through two sections: first, the world situation olive crop with reference to the situation in Egypt, it was found that Egypt is one of the States in olive-producing, also the first States olive exporting a relative importance reached about 48.8% of the total world exports. Secondly: Current Situation olive crop in North Sinai Governorate. Also indicated that El-Arish ranked first in terms of the cultivated area at an average of about 14.1 thousand fad., a relative importance reached about 34.7% during (2010-2014). Involving the selection of job descriptions sample study, through two section: first, the choice of the study sample, secondly: a profile of the variables related to the production of the olive crop within a sample study through the volume of olive holdings, productivity olive trees, fruitful and configure all social variables, environmental and economic impacts on the production of olive crop farms sampling the private sector in North Sinai in (2013, 2014), which the profile of social variables and environmental represented in the educational situation of farm owners, years of experience in the field of production of olives, the size of the household, the extent of the gathering of the dispersion of olive trees, the quality of roads (road or unpaved) and, finally, fruit trees Age and the extent of the impact on productivity. The production and costs functions of olive crop farms sampling the private sector within the North Sinai Governorate, through two sections: first, the statistical measurement of the most important factors affecting the production of olive crop inside North Sinai Governorate, secondly: Cost functions of olive crop farms sampling the private sector in North Sinai. The economic indicators for marketing and processing of olives in North Sinai Governorate through two chapters: first, the current situation of marketing and processing of olives in North Sinai Governorate and, secondly: the programs proposed for the olive crop in North Sinai Governorate like additional programs to expand in olive, improvement programs for olive varieties, fertilizer and programs for the advancement of productivity. Further programs olive industrialization in North Sinai Governorate.