AN ECONOMIC STUDY OF PRODUCTION AND PRODUCTION COSTS OF MANGO WITHIN ISMAILIA GOVERNORATE

The mango crop is considered one of the most promising horticultural crops in Egypt and the Governorate of Ismailia is one of the important agricultural provinces in Egypt because of its agricultural and crop area, as well as the diversity of patterns of agricultural exploitation، characterized by the province of growing many fruit crops. The problem of research is that reduction in productivity of mangrove for mango and seed varieties from 4.3 tons per feddan in 2007 to 2.7 tons per feddan in 2016. The research aims at measuring the optimum size of mango farms in Ismailia Governorate and determining the returns of capacity and economies of scale according to the different cultivated area. The research was based on the objective of analysis and descriptive and quantitative analysis in explaining the factors affecting mango production in Ismailia. The research was based on secondary data published and unpublished published by the Ministry of Agriculture, in addition to the preliminary data obtained from a questionnaire prepared and collected through a random sample in Ismailia Governorate For the seasonal average production 2017, 2018. As for the study of the development of the cultivated area of the mango crop within the administrative Districts in the Governorate of Ismailia, the results indicated that the Districts of the Eltal El-Keaber, Fayed, Qantara West, Qantara Sharq, Qassasin, Abu Sawir and the total governorate reached about 18.7 thousand feddans, 9.4 thousand feddans, 4.6 thousand feddans, 9.3 thousand feddans, 12.3 thousand feddans, 2.0 thousand feddans, 6.5 thousand feddans, 62.9 thousand feddans, and they are growing annually with a statistical significance of about 0.9 thousand feddans, 0.9 thousand feddans, 0.4 thousand feddans, 1.0 thousand feddans, 1.6 thousand feddans, 0.1 thousand feddans, 1.0 thousand Feddan, and 5.9 thousand feddans, with an annual growth rate of about 4.9%, 9.9%, 7.8%, 10.4%, 12.7%, 7.0%, 15.1% and 9.3%, respectively. As for the statistical measurement of the mango production within the sample, the results showed that the elasticity of the factors of the number of human working hours, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer, the number of automatic working hours, the quantity of potassium fertilizer was about 0.422, 0.263, 0.112, and 0.038, Reflecting the reduced yield relationship of the capacity. The increase of these components by 10%, led to an increase in the quantity of production by 4.2%, 2.6%, 1.1% and 0.4%, respectively. The overall production elasticity refers to the decreasing relationship with capacity yield, with a total production elasticity of about 0.835. The results also confirmed that the maximum size of the profits, the optimum size of production and the actual size reached about 7.18 tons, 5.7 tons and 5.53 tons, which indicates the efficiency of resource use. The research is recommended that the agricultural extension system in the research area should conduct training courses for agricultural extension workers in the knowledge of mango handling and marketing. It is necessary to follow the objective spraying programs to resist pest, while avoiding excessive, to reduce the costs of spraying and avoid the elimination of beneficial insects.